As you can see in this photo of the loom Persian carpet and rugs have a limited number of layouts.
Almost all of these have a number of elements in common, including the field, a border or multiple borders and some form of medallion or pattern. Some of the most commonly used for Persian design are the all-over, medallion and one-side layouts.
This simply refers to the type and location of the patterns used in the rug.
The photo Shaw’s of three layouts.